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      "abstract": "Degradasi lingkungan menjadi isu global yang krusial, terutama terkait\r\npembangunan berkelanjutan, akibat eksploitasi sumber daya alam yang tidak\r\nterkendali. Emisi karbon dioksida (CO₂) menjadi indikator utama degradasi\r\nlingkungan, yang meningkat akibat aktivitas ekonomi dan konsumsi energi yang\r\ntidak ramah lingkungan. Di Indonesia, tren emisi CO₂ cenderung meningkat\r\ndibandingkan negara-negara ASEAN, menunjukkan dominannya penggunaan\r\nenergi fosil dan intensitas aktivitas ekonomi yang belum mempertimbangkan\r\nkeberlanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh konsumsi energi\r\nfosil (KEF), jumlah wisatawan asing (JWA), penanaman modal asing (PMA), dan\r\nimpor bahan bakar minyak (BBM) terhadap emisi CO₂ di Indonesia. Penelitian ini\r\nmenggunakan data time series selama 1990–2024 diperoleh dari Our World in\r\nData, Badan Pusat Statistik, dan World Bank. Analisis menggunakan model\r\nAutoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh jangka\r\npendek dan jangka panjang. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi energi fosil\r\nberpengaruh positif dan signifikan baik jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang, \r\njumlah wisatawan asing tidak berpengaruh dalam jangka pendek, namun\r\nberpengaruh positif dan signifikan dalam jangka panjang. Penanaman modal asing\r\nmenunjukkan pengaruh negatif dan signifikan dalam jangka pendek, sedangkan\r\ndalam jangka panjang berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Impor BBM berpengaruh\r\npositif signifikan dalam jangka pendek namun tidak signifikan dalam jangka\r\npanjang. Secara simultan, seluruh variabel independent berpengaruh signifikan\r\ndengan koefisien determinasi 90,37% menunjukkan model mampu menjelaskan\r\nvariasi emisi CO₂ secara baik.",
      "contributors": [
        {
          "name": {
            "given": "Anik Sri",
            "lineage": null,
            "family": "Widawati",
            "honourific": null
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      "uri": "http:\/\/eprints.amikom.ac.id\/id\/eprint\/32700",
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      "date_type": "published",
      "rev_number": 16,
      "eprint_status": "archive",
      "department": "Fakultas Ekonomi & Sosial",
      "title": "PENGARUH AKTIVITAS EKONOMI DAN ENERGI\r\nTERHADAP DEGRADASI LINGKUNGAN DI INDONESIA\r\nDALAM RANGKA PENCAPAIAN SDGs",
      "datestamp": "2026-09-10 06:47:29",
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            "family": "Larasati",
            "given": "Sofy",
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      "keywords": "Emisi Karbon Dioksida, Konsumsi Energi Fosil, Penanaman Modal\r\nAsing, Impor BBM, Degradasi Lingkungan, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Fossil Energy Consumption, Foreign\r\nDirect Investment, Fuel Oil Imports, Environmental Degradation."
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