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      "keywords": "Hedging, Semikonduktor, Rivalitas Amerika Serikat-Tiongkok,\r\nKebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia, Resource-Based Hedging.",
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      "abstract": "Persaingan teknologi antara Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok pada sektor \r\nsemikonduktor telah mengubah struktur rantai pasok global secara signifikan,\r\nmenciptakan tantangan sekaligus peluang strategis bagi negara-negara\r\nberkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis alasan dan bentuk\r\nimplementasi strategi hedging Indonesia dalam menavigasi rivalitas kedua\r\nkekuatan besar tersebut guna mengamankan kepentingan teknologi nasional.\r\nPenelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka\r\nserta mengadopsi kerangka konseptual Comprehensive Hedging Framework dari\r\nAlfred Gerstl. Kerangka ini digunakan untuk membedah persepsi risiko dan\r\npeluang para elite kebijakan serta manifestasinya dalam kebijakan luar negeri dan\r\nindustri. \r\nHasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi hedging Indonesia lahir dari\r\nperhitungan yang matang. Hal ini didasari oleh cara pandang elite dalam negeri\r\nyang melihat situasi dari dua sisi sekaligus. Tiongkok dipandang memiliki nilai\r\nstrategis tinggi dalam aspek pragmatisme ekonomi, khususnya untuk penyediaan\r\nmodal cepat dan infrastruktur industri, sedangkan Amerika Serikat dinilai krusial\r\nsebagai penyeimbang keamanan dan penyedia standar teknologi global yang\r\nmapan. Implementasi strategi ini terwujud melalui manuver ganda yang saling\r\nmelengkapi: Indonesia melakukan keterlibatan ekonomi (limited bandwagoning)\r\ndengan Tiongkok melalui percepatan hilirisasi silika dan pengembangan kawasan\r\nindustri, namun secara simultan melakukan pengikatan (binding-engagement)\r\ndengan Amerika Serikat melalui kerja sama pengembangan sumber daya manusia\r\ndan diversifikasi teknologi untuk mencegah ketergantungan tunggal atau lock-in.\r\nTemuan ini juga menyoroti karakteristik unik strategi Indonesia berupa resourcebased\r\n\r\nhedging, yang memanfaatkan kontrol atas bahan baku kritis sebagai daya\r\ntawar utama, berbeda dengan pendekatan berbasis insentif fiskal yang umum\r\nditerapkan negara tetangga. Strategi ini terbukti efektif dalam menjaga otonomi\r\nstrategis Indonesia, memungkinkan negara menyerap investasi dari kedua belah\r\npihak tanpa terjebak dalam keberpihakan blok yang kaku.",
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